Smoke-consumer.



G. B. WILLIAMS.

SMOKE CONSUMER.

(Application tiled Kar. 14, 1901-7 (No Rodel.)

Patented :une 25, |901.

soooeooodqe IINTTa STATES GEORGE B. IVILLIAMS,

OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

SMOKE-CONSUMER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 677,300, dated .T une25, 1901.

Application led March 14, 1901. Serial No. 51,133. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom t may colte/crit:

Be it known that I, GEORGE B. WILLIAMS, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of the city of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton andState of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inSmoke-Consumers, of which the following is a specification.

The several features of my invention and the various advantagesresulting from their use, conjointly or otherwise, will be apparent fromthe following description and claims.

My invention is applicable to many kinds of furnaces and of heatingapparatus.

A description of my invention as applied to a furnace for heating asteam-boiler will fully illustrate its general mode of application, itsmode of operation, and its advantages. I will therefore describe myinvention so applied.

In the accompanying drawings, making a part of this application, and inwhich similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts, Figurel shows a vertical and in part central section taken from front to rear,substantially in the plane of the dotted line l l of Fig. 2, that faceof the sectioned parts being seen which faces toward the right in Fig.2. In this figure the boiler and steam-dome are left in elevation. Thepiping for obtaining and applying superheated steam and air to thefurnace is retained in view and in elevation. Fig. 2 is an elevation ofthe front end of the furnace and boiler, but the upper front wall of thefurnace and all of the feeding-chute have been removed and so have thedoors of the ash-pit, all of which removals are to disclose certainparts Within the furnace and ash-pit. The piping for obtaining andapplying superheated steam and air to the furnace is retained and shownin elevation. Fig. 3 is a view in perspective of the rear division orpart of the front defiectingarch. Fig. 4 is a view in perspective of therear arch. Fig. 5 is an elevation of that terminal which throwssuperheated air into the front portion of the furnace. The elevation isthat one which is seen when standing in the furnace in front of thefront deflectingarch and looking toward the front of the furnace.

The walls A2 of the furnace A duly support the steam-boiler B in awell-known manner. The furnace is duly inclosed. In the front of thefurnace and opposite the ash-pit C are the usual ash-pit doors, adaptedto close the entrance C2 into the ash-pit. These doors are of anyWell-known construction and are omitted from the front view, Fig. 2, toenable parts within the ash-box to be seen. Above in front is the hopperD. The mouth of this hopper is outside of the front of the furnace andthe delivery end of it is inside of the doors and within the fire-chamber E. At the inner lower part there is a lip DJx for guiding the coalor other fuel onward to a proper place for its deposit over thegrate-bars. The hopper is adapted to deliver fuel (usually coal) intothe fire-chamber at the forward portion thereof, substantially as shown.Thus no cold and unregulated drafts of air can enter the fire-chamber todisturb the proper operation of the latter. There will usually be acharger or swinging damper I)2 in the hopper, and this damper may be0perated by a handle D3.

In the fire-chamber and toward the front of the furnace, substantiallyas shown, is the deiiecting-arch H, inclined from the top downward andrearward. In the lower portion of the curve of the arch-that is to say,the rear portion thereof, Hg-is a series of conduits or holes J,extending fromthe front to rear of that part of the arch. This arch alsocarries passage J 2, extending vertically from the bottom of the archwith the horizontal passages J above, but preferably do not extendthrough the roof. As the arch is preferably made of brick, it will thenbe usually formed in steps H2, as indicated. The arch has no greatthickness, and the space behind and above all of it except the frontupper end is open, so that the bottom of the boiler is there exposed tohot air coming up from behind the arch. The front upper part of the archencircles the lower part of the boiler and makes almost a completeclosure. I will denominate that space of the fire-chamber which is belowthe boiler and above and behind the deflectingarch H by the character V.

Behind the arch H (and within two feet of the grate) is sprung asuspended arch K, whose top portion K2 follows the curve of the lowerpart of the boiler at a given distance therefrom, and whose bottom K3 isat its npper part in a curved plane, preferably slightly above the topof the holes of the detlectingarch H. In other words, the inner curve ofthis suspended arch is of a radius slightly longer. than that of vthecurve made by the bottom of the arched portion H2.- The arch K isprovided with horizontal passages K4 through it, substantially as shown.I also provide the arch with verticalv passages K5, which begin at thebottom and connect successively with the horizontal passages above, butthe vertical passages preferably do not extend through the roof of thearch. y

The grate-bars G may be of any modern and well known style. Thecombustionchamber is to be filled at the sides of the grate-bars withany suitable material to the level of the grate-bars and paved withfirebrick. Back of the grate-bars G is apart L.

In the vclosed back of the furnace I provide a door IV, through whichthe rear part ofthe furhace can be reached for repair, dac., and wherethe surface of the part L can be reached to be cleaned.

I provide a system for heating air and iiitroducing the same underpressure in a novel andadvantageousmanner. Mycons'truction for thispurpose is follows: A conduit M receives 4steam from any appropriatesource. In the present instance it receives steam from the boiler B. Thepassage of steam through this conduit is regulated by a suitable valveM2; This steam it forcibly delivers at its enit M2into the funnel-mouthN2 of an induction-pipe N, passing under the grate-bars and rearwardly.An injection-valve M4at the exit of the conduit M regulates the deliveryof steam into the pipe N. The latter conduit in passing rearwardpreferably passes through the brickwork T and then up into .the furnace,

then back under 'the arch K, and to one side, (see Fig. 2,) thencerearwardly nearly to the rear end of the furnace, thence forward underthe arch H, and thence forward to a point substantially as shown, thencedown into and through the ash-pit,toward the front of the furnace,thence upwardly at the front of the furnace to a point a little beneaththe bottomof thegboiler. At this pointit has a delivery-tube I),carrying a cross-tube P2, having jet-openings, thrugh which the mixedsuperheated steam and air are forcibly discharged into the front portionof the space near the boiler in a rearward direction. A cock P2 ispresent for regulating the volume of commingled steam and air whichshall enter there and also for graduating the speed at which such gasesenter this furnace-space. On that part of the return division of theconduit Nin the ash-'pit is located a branch conduit R, inclined forwardand upwardand leading into the crosspipe S, having jet openings or tubesS2 for delivering the superheated air upward and rearward, so that thisair will enter the spaces between the rear portion of the grate-bars andat an angle thereto, substantially as shown.

The branch conduitR is inclined forward, so that it may deliver thesuperheated air and steam in the direction in which it is to enter thejet-opening S2 and to issue therefrom. A

cock Q in the conduit N primarily regulates the volume and deliveryspeed of the commingled air and steam superheated, which is to bedelivered from the cross-pipe S and from the delivery-pipe P.

The object of the arrangement of the presence of the conduit N in therear portion of the furnace-space is to bring it into contact with theheat of the furnace, and thus conveniently and effectively superheat thesteam and air passing through the said conduit in preparation for theiremployment for the purposes hereinafter mentioned. The location of thisconduit iii the hot-air space of furnace for receiving heat may bevaried quite a little without departing from the essence of that featureof my invention, of which such an arrangement forms a part. Y

The mode in which my invention operates is as follows: Fuel isintroduced through the hopper D onto the grate-bars and in 'siiihcientquantity to well cover the latter; The hopper ist-hen closed byoperating its damper D2. This fuel is duly ignited. It A'may be hereremarked that I usually provide cue or more small hinged doors G2 inVthe front of the furnace under the hopper, the bottom of the door G2being about on a level with the grate-bars for the insertioii ofthepoker to keep the iire's level and raise the fuel or clean theV bars ofashes when necessary.

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When the furnace is' in operation, the only of -superheated air andsteam by the delivery.

orifice inentioned, and to regulate the issue of super-heated airandsteam from the delivery-point S2 by the cock Q, and the issue from exitP by cock P2. Then the furnace is properly working, thecheck-damper-viz., a door of the chimney, (not shown, but wellunderstood in the artlQ-is operated. The u'nconsumed gases arising fromthe fuel strike the front portions of the heated arch H, and are therebydeiiected down and 'pass through the checkers J J2. Thus by theird'eiiecti'on toward` the bed of the fire and their contact with thelower portion of the arch H they receive additional heat. A portion ofthe gases from the fuel passes through the openings J J2. After passingthis arch K they are deected upward into sudden contact with the boiler.Thus these gases are heated to a veryhigh temperature. I introduce intothese gases atmospheric air and steam in such a superheated conditionand in such quantities and at sucha degree of diffusion as will producea perfect chemical combination and com'- bustion. I also obtain by thismethod an even distribution of heat to the heating-sur- I increase bythese means face of the boiler.

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the evaporation and generation of steam and l the saving of fuel.

As is well known, the difficulty with many furnaces has been that theproducts of combustion have been carried away to the chimney with greatrapidity, and consequently a waste of heat, partly in an activecondition and partly in a latent form. To avoid this, I provide myinvention, and thereby carry on the combustion of the fuel at a hightemperature. I hold the resulting unconsumed gases in check and mix themwith the amount of air necessary for their ignition by interceptingthem, deecting them, and dividing them by the arches, the checkers, andby the forced drafts. They thereby become thoroughly mixed with thesuperheated oxygen gas and are adapted to be consumed. The unconsumedproducts of combustion, in the form of gases and minute particles ofcarbon, rising at the front of the furnace toward the boiler are met bythe rapid forceful current of superheated air and steam and are carrieddownward into the flame and simultaneously divided and mixed withsuperheated air and steam. Thus they are largely consumed before passingbeneath the arch. Unconsumed products of combustion more or less mixedwith superheated steam and air and divided by passing through the holesJ J2 of the arch are greatly heated, being deiected and retarded by thearch K. Some of the unconsumed gases and carbon passes above the arch Kand next to the boiler and some through the passages K4 K5, while otherportions pass below the arch,vand thus while in the hottest part of thefurnace are consumed. Between rear portions of the grate-bars rapidstreams of superheated air and steam pass upwardly toward the arch K andrearwardly and divide and intimately intermingle with the unconsumedproducts of combustion produced at the rear portion of the fire-bed andin connection with the great heat in the furnace at this pointeffectively accomplish the consumption of these products.

The results of my invention are a substantially perfect combustion and asmokeless furnace.

lVhere the term air7 is employed in the claims, it is to be understoodas standing for steam or air or for the two intermingled.

lVhat I claim as new and of my invention, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is-

l. In a furnace, the combination of the deflecting-arch located so thatthe gases from combustion cannot at the upper front of it pass above it,and provided with the passages in its inner radial portion, and thesupplemental suspended arch, a little to the rear thereof, and slightlyabove or beyond the line of the bottom of the first-named arch, andmeans for introducing heated steam to the incandescent fuel at and inthe vicinity of the grate-bars, substantially as and for the purposesspecified.

2. In afurnace,thedeilecting-arch,dropped from the top of the furnaceand extending downward and rearward, and provided near its bottom withthe horizontal passages J, substantially as and for the purposesspecified.

3. In a furnace,the deflecting-arch,dropped from the top of the furnaceand extending downward and rearward, and provided near its bottom withhorizontal passages J, and vertical interconnecting passages J 2,substantially as and for the purposes specified.

4. In a furnace, the deflecting-arch H, eX- tended from the top of thefurnace downward and rearward, and a rear arch as K, having a spaceabove, and a space below, substantially as and for the purposesspecified.

5. In a furnace, the deiiecting-arch H, extending from the top of thefurnace, and the rear arch K, having a space above it and below it, andprovided with transverse passages K4, substantially as and for thepurposes specified.

6. In a furnace, the deflecting-arch H, extending from the top of thefurnace, and the rear arch K, having a space above it and be- ..low it,and provided with transverse passages K4, and with vertical passages K5,substantially as and for the purposes specified.

7. In a furnace, the deflecting-arch H, eX- tended from the top of thefurnace, and eX- tending downward and rearward, and having its bottompart provided with horizontal passages J, and the suspended arch K,having a space above it and below it, and provided with transversehorizontal passages K4, substantially as-and for the purposes specified.

8. In a furnace, the deecting-arch H eX- tended from the top of thefurnace and dropping downward and rearward, and having its bottom partprovided with horizontal passages J, vertical passages J 2, and the archK at rear and having a space above and a space below, and horizontalpassages K4 through it, and vertical connecting-passages K5,substantially as and for the purposes specified.

9. In a boiler-furnace, a front defiectingarch dropped from the roof,and a rear arch K having a passage-space above its top, the lat-terbeing concave and corresponding to the curve of the bottom portion ofthe boiler (in transverse section,) and it (the arch K) also having apassage-space under its upwardlycurved bottom part, substantially as andfor the purposes specified.

lO. In afurnace,a defiecting-archHdropped from the upper part of thefurnace, and a rear arch K, adapted to deflect the unconsumed productsof combustion, over it and under it, and means adapted to supplysuperheated air by sending it up rearwardly, between the grate-bars, andalso to su pply it at the upper front portion of the furnace, in frontof the deflecting-arch H, substantially as and for the purposes specied.

l1. In a furnace, a front deiecting-arch H, a rear arch K, provision ofpassages for di- IOO IIO

Vidingr and heating, and consuming the uning down the air, into thecombustion, subcons'uxneil products of combustion,V a conduit stantiallyas and for the purposes specified. for Superheated air, means forforcing the In Witness whereof I have signed Iny'name air through it,the conduit having an ash-pit to this specification in the presence oftwo 5 branch R, carrying a cross-'terminal S having subscribingWitnesses.

jets for directing the oxygen substantially as A specified, the conduitfor 'superheated air also GEORGE B WILLIAMS' having a furnace branch in'the front of the Attest: furnace, and in front of the arch H, and car-SAMUEL A. `vVEST, 1o TyingV a cross branch Pshzwing jets, for throw- K.SMITH.

